Source Index

Every source cited in this project, including books, papers, museum placards, photographs, measurements, videos, interviews, and lectures.

Tag format

Each source gets a unique tag (e.g. [SRC-001]) used as shorthand in the Dispute Ledger, research files, and inquiry threads.

Sources

Tag	Title	Author(s)	Type	Year	Key Claims It Makes	Notes
[SRC-001]	The Complete Pyramids	Mark Lehner	Book	1997	Great Pyramid construction methods; copper tool usage on granite	Director of AERA, Giza Plateau Mapping Project. Gold standard for mainstream pyramid narrative.
[SRC-002]	Egyptian Museum, Cairo, Old Kingdom Copper Tools Exhibit	,	Museum Exhibit	Permanent	Display of copper chisels labeled as stoneworking tools, Old Kingdom period	Tier B, institutional claim via exhibition.
[SRC-003]	Inka Settlement Planning	John Hyslop	Book	1990	Sacsayhuamán stone shaping by pounding with river stones	University of Texas Press. Standard reference for Inca stonework.
[SRC-004]	Roman Building: Materials and Techniques	Jean-Pierre Adam	Book	1994	Roman lifting capacity and construction techniques	Routledge. Comprehensive catalog of known Roman engineering limits.
[SRC-005]	German Archaeological Institute Baalbek Publications	Various	Multiple	Various	Roman construction of Baalbek Temple of Jupiter and Trilithon	Ongoing DAI excavation and publication series.
[SRC-006]	Museo de Sitio Qorikancha, Cusco, Inca Stonework Exhibit	,	Museum Exhibit	Permanent	Display describing river-stone pounding technique for polygonal walls	Tier B, institutional claim via exhibition.
[SRC-007]	Giza Plateau Visitor Center, Pyramid Construction Placard	,	Museum Exhibit	,	Official placard describing external ramp construction theory	Tier B, formal site interpretation.
[SRC-008]	The Sphinx: Its History in the Light of Recent Excavations	Selim Hassan	Book	1949	Sphinx dating: Khafre attribution via archaeological context of Sphinx Temple and Valley Temple	Foundational monograph. Government Press, Cairo.
[SRC-009]	The Aswân Obelisk, with Some Remarks on the Ancient Engineering	Reginald Engelbach	Book	1922	Granite trench cut using dolerite pounder balls; "the only tools used for cutting the granite" (p. 13)	Institut français d'archéologie orientale, Cairo. First systematic excavation of Unfinished Obelisk site.
[SRC-010]	"Dolerite Pounders: Petrology, Sources and Use"	Adel Kelany, James A. Harrell, V. Max Brown	Journal Article	2010	Affirms dolerite pounders as the primary quarrying tool at Aswan; catalogues 1,419 recovered pounders	Lithic Technology, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 127-148.
[SRC-011]	Inca Architecture and Construction at Ollantaytambo	Jean-Pierre Protzen	Book	1993	Transport of 100-ton rhyolite blocks 5 km from Kachiqhata quarry across river gorge using rollers and ramps	Oxford University Press. Definitive monograph on Ollantaytambo.
[SRC-012]	Annual Report of the Archaeological Survey of India, 1906-07	John Marshall	Government Report	1909	Barabar Cave precision: "extraordinary precision and accuracy... never surpassed even by the finest workmanship on Athenian buildings" (p. 89)	Calcutta.
[SRC-013]	Ashoka in Ancient India	Nayanjot Lahiri	Book	2015	Barabar polish: "mirror-like finish, an exclusive feature of Mauryan architecture... derived through Achaemenid art" (p. 231)	Harvard University Press.
[SRC-014]	Inscriptions of Asoka, Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. I	Eugen Hultzsch	Book	1925	Ashokan inscriptions at Barabar Caves: terminus ante quem c. 257 BCE (12th year of Ashoka's reign)	Clarendon Press, Oxford. pp. 181-182.
[SRC-015]	"Kailasa, The Stylistic Development and Chronology"	M.K. Dhavalikar	Journal Article	1982	250 workers removed 200K+ tons of basalt in 5.5 years; 4-cubic-feet-per-person-per-day estimate (p. 35)	Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute, Vol. 41, pp. 33-45.
[SRC-016]	The Cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos, Vol. 1	Henri Frankfort, Adriaan de Buck, Battiscombe Gunn	Book	1933	Osireion dating to Seti I (19th Dynasty) based on painted cartouche and architectural context	Egypt Exploration Society. pp. 23-25.
[SRC-017]	The Monuments of Seti I	Peter J. Brand	Book	2000	Osireion "can be dated confidently to Seti's reign" (pp. 174-178)	Brill.
[SRC-018]	Tiwanaku Radiocarbon Dating (Dissertation)	Alexei Vranich	Dissertation	1999	Radiocarbon date 1510 ±25 BP (cal. AD 536-600) from deepest fill layer under Pumapunku stonework	University of Pennsylvania. Establishes terminus post quem only.
[SRC-019]	UNESCO World Heritage, Tiwanaku	,	World Heritage Inscription	2000	Attributes Pumapunku to Tiwanaku culture, c. 500-1000 CE	Tier B, institutional attribution via UNESCO.
[SRC-020]	Crónica del Perú, Part II	Pedro Cieza de León	Book	1553	Sacsayhuamán attributed to Inca ruler Pachacuti; also notes the stones "tired the judgment to conceive how they could have been conveyed"	Primary Spanish chronicler who interviewed Inca informants. Ch. 51.
[SRC-021]	Ancient Cuzco: Heartland of the Inca	Brian S. Bauer	Book	2010	Sacsayhuamán attribution to Inca, 15th century CE; pp. 81-102	University of Texas Press.
[SRC-022]	UNESCO World Heritage, City of Cuzco (Ref. 273)	,	World Heritage Inscription	1983	Describes Sacsayhuamán as an Inca site	Tier B, institutional attribution via UNESCO.
[SRC-023]	"Who Taught the Inca Stonemasons Their Skills?"	Jean-Pierre Protzen, Stella Nair	Journal Article	1997	Pumapunku techniques "unknown to the Incas and to us at this time"; hammerstones produce rounded interior angles, not sharp 90° corners	Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 56, No. 2.
[SRC-024]	How the Great Pyramid Was Built	Craig B. Smith (DMJM), with Zahi Hawass and Mark Lehner	Book	2004	Great Pyramid construction logistics: 4,500-5,000 workers over 20-40 years using critical-path method; assumed ramps as input, did not validate ramp feasibility	Smithsonian Books. Based on 1999 DMJM study.
[SRC-025]	"The Problems of the Obelisk Revisited: Photogrammetric Measurement of the Speed of Quarrying Granite Using Dolerite Pounders"	Marián Marčiš, Marek Fraštia	Journal Article	2023	Experimental replication attempting to quantify granite removal rate using dolerite pounders	Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Vol. 30, June 2023.